2 -- SEA ICE DEFINITION AND TYPES

3 -- POLYNYAS -- DESCRIPTION AND FORMATION MECHANISMS

4 -- NORTHERN HEMISPHERE

4.1 Ocean Circulation

4.2 Arctic Seasonal Sea Ice Cycle

4.3 Location of Polynyas

5 -- SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE

5.1 Indian Ocean Monsoon

5.2 Antarctic Seasonal Sea Ice Cycle

5.3 Location of Polynyas

REFERENCES